AI in the Workplace: 5 Leadership Practices for Middle Managers

By: Beth Schaefer, IPD Director

Middle managers sit in a uniquely challenging position; you are responsible for carrying out organizational strategy while also navigating the day-to-day realities of your team.  Using AI at work is no different.  Your organization may or may not have formal AI policies, and your team may or may not be following them.  And because AI is embedded in nearly every tool – even a simple internet search – it’s increasingly difficult to monitor how it’s being used.

In our continuous improvement courses, IPD teaches that doing nothing is a choice, but not a neutral one. As a manager, if you ignore AI, you are likely enabling your team to use AI badly.

These 5 Leadership Practices offer a starting point for leaders who want to guide responsible, productive AI use on their teams – whether it’s top-down from the organization or grassroots from your team members. Each of these practices could be its own article, but together they provide a practical starting framework for navigating AI’s growing role in everyday work.

1. Create a lightweight AI infrastructure your team can use

You do not need a formal enterprise AI implementation to set expectations for your team.  Start small to promote acceptable and responsible use:

  • Quality Prompts – Teach your team to ask clear, goal-driven questions so that AI returns useful information. This free certificate includes prompting courses.
  • Model Acceptable Use – Share when and how you use AI to model acceptable behavior and norms.
  • Peer Pairing – Pair someone skilled and comfortable with AI to guide someone less enthusiastic or insecure.

These small steps build confidence and reduce misuse long before formal policies from your organization are implemented and communicated.

2. Actively manage Shadow AI and Communicate Guardrails

67% of employees engage in Shadow AI use – using unapproved AI tools and chatbots at work without IT or security approval.  This widespread practice puts an organization’s security in jeopardy.

If your organization has policies and structure for AI, communicate them clearly and consistently. If it doesn’t, establish common-sense guardrails:

  • Authorization – Be clear on which tools are acceptable and which ones are not
  • Boundaries – Establish what data can and cannot be entered
  • Compliance – Verify why and when human review and monitoring is required

Clear expectations reduce accidental security exposure and build trust with AI tools.

3. Build a Safe-to-Fail, Risk-Tolerant Culture

Innovation requires a safe culture, and AI experimentation is no exception.  View this past webinar or view this PDF for Innovation strategies.

  • Share – Talk about mistakes you’ve made, what you learned, and how you apply those lessons to future work.
  • Ask for Help – Name colleagues you used for troubleshooting and give credit to them for that assistance.
  • Make Mistakes OK – Normalize ‘trial and error’ to reduce the fear of mistakes. Employees who fear the repercussions of their mistakes may try to cover them up which can only exacerbate the situation rather than repair it.
  • Celebrate Learning – Provide professional development time to emphasize that we all need to keep learning in the workplace.

A team that feels safe experimenting will adopt AI more thoughtfully and creatively.

4. Limit Time Spent in AI to Prevent Burnout

AI load can lead to burnout in 2 different ways.

  1. Hyper-loop multitasking – monitoring multiple AI inquiry loops at the same time. This constant rotation prevents your team from doing deep thinking. (Those of you who are regular readers already know that I believe that multitasking is a myth even without AI).
  2. Endless Open Loops – AI tends to keep making additional suggestions for improvement that never allow for a task to be done. Most humans like closed loops (that’s why we finish watching a mediocre Netflix series) and will keep revising long past the point of worthwhile returns.

Help your team set boundaries to prevent AI Burnout:

  • Goals – Use SMART goals to define AI use, objectives, and outcomes for your team so that AI contributes to production rather than creating the illusion of being busy.
  • Use Higher Level Thinking Skills – Teach your team to stop continuous prompting and switch to synthesis – thinking, reflecting, and evaluating the AI response already received.
  • Pause-Plan cycles for your team that provide natural pauses in the workflow before prompting AI again.
  • Monitor – Pay attention to monitor if AI is helping production or just creating noise and additional stress.

Burnout isn’t created by the use of AI – it’s generated by the unmanaged use of AI and unclear AI expectations.

5. Protect Human Judgment

Your most important leadership responsibility in the AI era is protecting human judgment.  Judgment starts with the prompt and is used through the analysis of the AI response.

  • Goal Definition – Encourage your team to understand their goal and outcomes, and include that information, along with their audience, in their AI prompt.
  • Evaluation – Emphasize that you expect your team to evaluate AI-assisted work and not automatically accept what AI provides.
  • Use Checklists – Provide your team with a review checklist:
    • Is this information accurate?
    • Is this information biased? Did your prompt introduce bias?
    • What criteria am I using to choose from the AI-provided options?
    • How should I package the information to communicate it to others to assist with decision-making or assessing risk?

AI should assist humans, not replace them. Teams that demonstrate discretion preserve their value and strengthen organizational trust.

AI Technology does not reduce the need for leadership – it increases it.   As a middle manager, you set the tone for how your team uses AI, learns, and navigates organizational expectations.  Clear communication, thoughtful boundaries, and a culture of learning will help your team thrive in an AI-enabled workplace.

If you want tools to support this work, IPD offers several resources, including:

Article Resources:

Shin, J., & Sucher, S. J. (2026). AI Adoption Is Overloading Your Middle Managers. Harvard Business Review / Harvard Business School. [hbs.edu]

Field, E., Hancock, B., Imose, R., & Yee, L. (2023). Middle Managers Hold the Key to Unlock Generative AI. McKinsey & Company. [mckinsey.com]

Rodriguez Constable, C. (2026). What Middle Managers Need Most in the AI Era. Forbes. [forbes.com]

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AI in the Workplace: 5 Realities Every Job Seeker Needs to Understand About AI

By: Beth Schaefer, IPD Director

My introductory AI article, AI, Am I Right?  suggested that I do not intentionally use Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the workplace, but in reality, I use AI all the time for my work.  AI will eventually level out and become more efficient, but it’s not going to leave the workplace; therefore, let’s discuss how to get the most from your AI interactions with the series AI in the Workplace.

And, let’s start at the beginning: using AI to secure a job. Whether you love AI or distrust it, the truth is simple: job seekers who understand how AI screens, sorts, and evaluates candidates will outperform those who don’t.  Here are 5 realities that job seekers need to navigate.

  1. Your AI prompts determine your results.

To work with AI, you’re going to need to use AI, so learning best practices for AI will be a good investment of your time.  Any use of AI is all about the prompt. I highly recommend this free course on AI prompting.  Even if you do the first 3 modules, it will make your use of AI more accurate and efficient. This “old” adage still applies: Bad data in; bad data out.

2. Your resume must pass an algorithm before it reaches a human.

While not every job you apply for may use an Applicant Tracking System (ATS), an estimated 90% of companies are using them including 99% of Fortune 500 companies.  These systems use algorithms to screen and score resumes much faster than human review.

This raises the importance of including the correct keywords in your resume. For example, if the job description says project coordination, and your resume says project support, the ATS may not match them — even though a human would.  ATS systems match patterns, not concepts. Even so, do not use the “kitchen sink approach” for resume keywords, since ATS’s have a 67% rejection rate of resumes that have 20+ skills listed.  Instead tailor each resume to each posting you apply to.

Click Here For a Printable PDF of Job Seeking Advice

3. ATS parsing errors eliminate qualified candidates every day.
An ATS parses out a resume by extracting pieces of information by category. Parsing out, to me, is an old-fashioned phrase that my grandma would use (“I will parse out the strawberries so each of you gets the same amount.”) For resumes, the parsing categories are:
• Name
• Contact info
• Job titles
• Dates of employment
• Skills
• Education
• Certifications
If this information is presented in an unsupported format, such as a text box, it will be difficult for the ATS to find the information, and your resume may not pass ATS screening. The ATS rate of rejecting resumes due to formatting is 12% and for parsing issues (not being able to find the most necessary information for whatever reason), the rejection rate is 23%. To see if your resume is readable to AI, use a free resume checker. Some of those options are in the resource list at the end of the article.

4. AI can reduce bias — or amplify it.
One of the reasons employers want to use AI for screening is that it can reduce the bias that humans bring (often subconsciously) to the applicant screening process. This is good news for those who are most often eliminated due to bias; however, bias doesn’t disappear just because a machine is involved — it simply becomes harder to detect.

The bad data in, bad data out rule applies here as well.

The rules an ATS uses to screen candidates are set by humans. Unless those rules are set by a skilled person who is deliberately trying to remove bias, the algorithm might end up with the same biases as the humans involved. Currently, there are no existing laws or regulations for using ATS that ensure the process is equitable or even meets existing HR guidelines stated on an organization’s website.

As a job applicant, you cannot influence unconscious bias from an ATS any more than you can from human review. But the next time you apply for a job that you seem perfect for, and you do not move forward in the process, know that the candidate selection process, with or without ATS, is still far from perfect.

5. AI can help you prepare for interviews more effectively than ever.
Some organizations are using AI to conduct first-round interviews; therefore, they use AI to talk to AI. Use your newly acquired prompting skills to predict interview questions and prepare responses. If you can prompt better than your other candidates (and this includes using AI for company research), you will be better prepared. Do refrain from just having AI write your responses, or you will just sound like AI- and maybe like all the other candidates. Remember, the interview technique: STAR. State the situation or challenge; explain your task or role in the situation; describe the action you took and emphasize the result you achieved. This will help keep your interview answers focused on you rather than AI’s generic responses.

If you’re entering the job market, AI isn’t optional — it’s part of the process. Use it intentionally, understand how employers use it, and you’ll have a better chance of standing out in a crowded field.

Whether you’re actively sending out resumes or haven’t job-hunted in years, this is a lot of information to unpack. And, this is just the tip of the iceberg of job-searching in the AI world.  Your best bet for uncovering what is below the surface might just be AI itself.

Visit the sources used to write the article below to learn more.

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Middle Manager Series Wrap Up – Grounded in the Middle | Middle Management Blog

Grounded in the Middle

By Beth Schaefer

I started this series by talking about how much I enjoy my job being Stuck in the Middle.  And, despite all the Middle Management dilemmas that I have been writing about, I still love my role in middle management.

I hope that the series has helped middle managers by:

  1. Affirming your importance in your organization
  2. Acknowledging the work you do
  3. Providing ideas on how to sustain your quality performance

And maybe even…

  1. Providing information that you can use to influence your organization to appreciate you or support you with process that helps, rather than hinders, your work.

As I think about how to “tie a bow” on this series, let me leave you with some tips to build resiliency and stay grounded as you continue in your role of being the shock absorbers for your organizations during these times of change, ambiguity, and added pressure.

7 Suggested Resiliency Practices for Middle Managers

  1.  Name your stressors

Acknowledge what is hard and difficult about your work and do not pretend that it is easy.

For me, new software implementations continue to disrupt.  They require my team to muck through the unknown often only equipped with open-source videos from YouTube, eventually, define new processes that works, draw up a swim lane, streamline the new processes, and then document the processes.  It just takes a lot of time and the gains are not always clear.

2. Build a support network

Connect with peers who are also middle managers and understand the challenges of the role.

For me, I have a fellow Middle Manager that does a Zoom coffee chat with me about every 3 weeks.  We are remote workers who live in different states, but that does not prevent us from being mutual mentors.  I also have some leaders higher up in the organization that I lean on to help me navigate the office politics – something I would avoid entirely if I could.

3. Manage Your Energy

Identify what drains you and what fuels you.  Consider bookending your days, when possible, with the fuels.

For me, whenever possible, I like to start my day (not by checking email because there is plenty of research on how that is not productive) with the fuel of writing.  I sit quietly with coffee and write these articles, write website content, write training proposals, write project plans, write procedures… there is actually quite a bit of writing as a middle manager.   I like to end my days using the fuel of my people with team meetings or with direct report check-ins.  These often include laughter and intentional naming of positive nuggets at work or in life for daily mini-celebrations at the end of the workday.

4. Rely on Routine

Build routines so that you do not need to put energy into managing every minute of each day.

In addition to project management software to help keep me organized, I have a weekly to-do list that I fill out each Friday afternoon for the next week.  This to-do list comes with built in routines – such as sending a project update email to my instructors each Wednesday morning.  The easier I can make routine things, the more brain power I have for the unique challenges.

5. Normalize Setbacks

Talk with your team about past successes that first started with setbacks.

For me, this is hard.  I can be easily discouraged.  I sometimes need to rely on my team to help me remember when something that is optimized now was once a struggle that experienced lots of stops and starts before “sticking.”  Our Expert Insights webinars were once irregular, postponed, and not well-publicized, but now they are part of our department framework.

6. Practice Space and Grace

Provide a safe space – emotionally – for your team to vent emotions.  Provide grace for mistakes with support to prevent mistake repetition.

For me, I find it much easier to give others Space and Grace than myself. However, the beauty of Space and Grace is that when you give it others, they give it back to you.

7. Watch free IPD webinars on Building Resiliency

Use the webinars for yourself, but send the links to your team members who may need some respite from workplace pressures. Show them you care.

And finally…

While this is not a researched tactic, sometimes I ask myself, “Who else could do this role with my legacy of knowledge of the products and process, my passion for the work and quality customer service, my intentional efforts to develop the people around me, and my dedication to this role and not the next one?” And, seeing the short list, I keep moving forward to tackle the challenges of the Middle.

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Your organization made a big decision. You disagree with it. Your team will hate it. Now what?

Middle Manager Dilemma #2 – Why Bother With Performance Evaluations? | Middle Management Blog

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Back to School  – Investing in Your Own Growth and Your Team’s Too

By Beth Schaefer

Middle Managers seldom have spare time, so how does taking professional development time and spending less time on operations equal more success?

In fall, my thoughts return to back-to-school. Sure, I work at a university so that makes sense, but I also have family members returning to school; my neighborhood is gearing up for school; and I am shopping back-to-school sales since everything is considered a back-to-school supply and is offered at a great price.

That makes fall a good time to ponder your own growth and development. As Middle Managers, we tend to focus on making sure that those around us have what they need to be successful, but we do not always take the time to think about what we need to be better at our work. Experience and doing are wonderful teachers, but at some point, getting information from outside your silo can help you see new and better ways to approach your work.

One of my favorite soccer coaches always said that practice makes permanent, not perfect. If you have been doing something the same way a long time, you may be on autopilot and not seeing that you could be better. For many of us in middle management, those neglected skills tend to be coaching and leading. Many of us were promoted for our technical expertise and did not spend much time learning how to motivate and engage people in their work.

Of course, I would love to see you take some professional development workshops from IPD, but here are some additional ideas to consider:

  1. Set a quarterly learning goal. Finish Q 4 strong by setting a goal to learn more about 1 leadership strategy or technical skill.
  2. Find a peer mentor. Look for another leader who is willing to meet and discuss middle manager dilemmas and solutions. Perhaps, review some of the articles in this series as a springboard to discussion.
  3. Create learning bursts for your team. By preparing a tip or strategy to help your team and presenting it at team meetings, you will also learn that tip or strategy better. One of our recorded webinars could be a starting point.

 

If you are like me, and still feeling guilty about focusing on your own growth instead of your work, here are some gains your team will get from your professional development:

  • You model curiosity. One of the demands of the workplace is that we are critical thinkers. Taking time to learn new things demonstrates that curiosity is a desirable quality and the first step to being a critical-thinking problem-solver.
  • You show the importance of learning. Celebrate skill wins in your team meetings. Most organizations have options for professional development: money available for training and certificates, free internal training options, or tuition reimbursement. By using these options and talking about what you are learning in team meetings, you will help your team be aware of steps they can take for their own professional growth.
  • You build a stronger team. While I am not a fan of trust falls or obstacle courses to build teams, I do think spending time learning together builds a stronger team. The team not only learns new skills, but taking people out of their everyday workspace, production goals, and to-do lists, creates opportunity to learn more about each other in a relaxed and fun environment. Conversations create empathy. Empathy leads to more team cooperation and collaboration when returning to the demands of the job.

Years back, there was a local radio ad that talked about developing workers. The ad addressed the question, What if I use resources to develop my team members, and they leave? Instead, the ad flipped the question and asked, What if I do not develop my team members, and they stay?

In the book Strengths Based Leadership, the author provides research that suggests that strong leaders do not approach leadership the exact same way; however, one thing they do have in common is they encourage the next generation of leaders by providing the space and grace for their team members to grow professionally and personally.

Learning isn’t a luxury; it’s a leadership necessity. Middle Managers who invest in their own professional development build stronger teams and more resilient careers.

Read More Middle Management Blogs Here:

Middle Manager Dilemma #4 – Workspace | Middle Management Blog

8 suggestions to manage return-to-office vs remote office.

Middle Manager Dilemma #3 – Organizational Change | Middle Management Blog

Your organization made a big decision. You disagree with it. Your team will hate it. Now what?

Middle Manager Dilemma #2 – Why Bother With Performance Evaluations? | Middle Management Blog

Is the time spent doing annual performance evaluations worth it?

Middle Manager Dilemma #1 – Delegation | Middle Management Blog

How much to delegate and if/when to pull work back if results become an issue.

Support Middle Management | Middle Management Blog

Treat your middle management well through the use of these 6 Key Activities.

Middle Managers Are Like Oreos | Middle Management Blog

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This blog will focus on the specific dilemmas faced by middle management with strategies to navigate them.

Read More

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Workspace: Return to Office Vs Remote Office

By Beth Schaefer

Us Vs Them

For some middle managers, this is a non-issue.  You are leading a hospitality/customer service division, manufacturing, construction/installation, healthcare, or a similar field that requires all your staff to be physically on site to do their work.  For other Middle Managers, the office vs. remote workspace has become a quagmire of us vs. them.

Your Preference

My own workspace went remote a few months before the pandemic shut down all office work.  To save money on an office lease, I volunteered my department to work remotely because the majority of our interactions took place with external customers who only came to our offices for classroom training.   I often was out and about visiting companies that wanted training at their own sites, so my own office was often empty.  Even though I was convinced that I would hate being a remote worker, I made the change to be a team player for the organization to save money.

As I turned out, I love being a remote worker.

I am much much much more productive working in the solace of my home office.

  • I spend more time at my desk because I am not commuting.
  • When I go to the “break room” for more tea or coffee, I am not sidetracked with coworker conversations or office drama.
  • Even though I maintain an open-door policy, nobody from my staff ever walks in (hehehe).

I thought being remote would have me lean into my workaholic tendencies, when, in fact, I am as close as I have ever been to achieving the allusive work/life balance, or could I even say life/work balance?

And, this is part of the office vs remote dilemma for middle managers – you probably have a strong preference for your own workspace, and you need to manage that bias when you leading workspace decisions or changes.

Team Preference and Expectations

Many of you may have had similar situations.  Many of your staff started working remotely during the pandemic, and loved it while others are very excited about returning to the office.  Half of my staff was hired since the switch to the remote office with the understanding that their roles would be remote.  They would be very surprised to find out they needed to suddenly report to a physical office.

For the Middle Manager, the Return-to-Office orders are about employee engagement and retention.  When you manage to find quality workers who are reliable and productive, it is painful to have them leave because they do not see value in commuting to the office – even if it is just for a few days each week.

Find the WHY

For the Organization, the Return-to-Office orders are about their employees being… well, that is the question.  As a Middle Manager, if you can get the real WHY behind an organization’s decision, it gives you more options to navigate the situation between the declaration and your people.  See our free webinar: The Change Chart for the WHY and other change navigation tools. Getting to the root cause will help you provide solutions to navigate the Return-To-Office orders.

WHY? If your Return-To-Office is about collaboration…

“Collaboration” seems to be the go-to messaging (because who is going to say that you need less collaboration?) for return to office.   If your team is excited about being in the office and collaborating, you are good to go; if not, here are some options to try:

  1. Collect details on exactly what sort of collaboration the company is looking for – with whom and what for. Provide a plan on how you can make that happen without requiring remote workers to commute to the office.
  2. Provide examples of how alternating days in the office, or people living long distance, or workers being in different buildings still have most meetings taking place on a virtual platform even when people are in the office.
  3. If your organization insists that informal causal meetings in the breakroom are vital to collaboration, make sure your office space actually has attractive break room options. If those spaces have disappeared or are clinical and perfunctory, the collaborative conversations will not be plentiful nor fruitful.
  4. If your office is no longer there to return to – replaced by cubes or hoteling spaces so that more people can be fit into a smaller space, point to the numerous studies that show that a lack of private office space has the opposite effect of collaboration and decreases informal interaction.

WHY? If the Return-To-Office is about productivity…

If you have team members that have let you know, directly or indirectly, that they will leave if their remote status changes, here are actions you can try:

1. Ask your team to provide evidence that they are more productive working remotely than in the office. Provide that evidence to your leaders to emphasize your team’s productivity.

2. You may want to show operational savings with calculations of cost per square foot for the amount of space your team would use for proper office and desk space.

3. Talk with your own supervisor on how many people you think you will lose and make suggestions for a solution such as a hybrid team. According to author Matt Tenney it takes 6 – 9 months’ salary to replace a departed worker. For an employee making 60K, plan it costing 30 – 45K to replace someone who leaves to maintain their remote status with another organization.

4. Maybe your peer Middle Managers do not know how to manage and measure production without actually seeing people at their desks. Suggest your organization provide training on remote managing.

And, if after all your efforts, you are still ordered to return to the office, it is time to switch gears to change management – specifically, finding the What’s In It For Me (WIIFM) for each of your team members and see if you can show them a vision that encourages them to stay with your department.   Our Leading Teams through Change training can help you with that.

Read More